The large ones do look like glass. Lampwork, made on a mandrel. The white inside comes from the bead release on the mandrel.
Are you sure the small beads are jet? They look like they could be glass too. One has some marks that look like they could come from molding. I do not have any jet, buy I always understood that if you rubbed it on paper, it would give a brown line.

The link shows some more info that might be helpful.